Transmission unit

ABSTRACT

A transmission unit ( 1 ) comprising a transmission input shaft (F) and a transmission output shaft (A) as well as a transmission basic unit ( 25 ), which is arranged between the transmission input shaft and the transmission output shaft, and which is coupled to an angular drive ( 4 ). The angular drive comprises a first bevel gear ( 8 ) a second bevel gear ( 9 ), whereby the second bevel gear can be coupled to the transmission output shaft in indirect rotationally fixed manner. The transmission unit is enclosed by a transmission case, which comprises at least one basic transmission case ( 6 ) that encloses the transmission basic unit—and a transmission case part ( 7 ) that at least partially encloses the angular drive. The first bevel gear of the angular drive and a transmission element are directly interconnected in a rotationally fixed manner and are arranged next to one another in a spatially close manner. As a result, the transmission basic unit does not require elements for generating an axial force that supports the case cover on the wall of the case.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention concerns a transmission unit, specifically with thecharacteristics as described in the preamble to claim 1. Transmissionunits are known in a variety of different embodiments. One of thepossible classification systems for transmissions relies the methodchosen for speed/torque conversion. For example, the speed/torquetransmission may be purely mechanical or may be combined with otherconversion possibilities. Because the requirement of universalapplication of a transmission unit, i.e. the characteristics of itsincorporation into vehicles, has become increasingly significant,angular drives are used to link output in various angles to thetransmission input shaft in such transmission applications. Asignificant problem of this method is that such transmissionsconstructed as combinations of units will tend to be very large, due tothe required incorporation of the elements of the angular drive andspecifically the element connected on the output end of the unit; thissize, in turn, leads to difficulty in incorporating the unit intovehicles, because the space available for the transmission unit istypically very limited.

Thus, the invention is based on the task of developing a transmissionunit for use in vehicles with mechanical or combined torque transmissionin such a manner that such a unit minimizes construction expense andspace.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The solution according to this invention is characterized by a firstbevel gear of the angular drive and an output transmission elementhaving a direct and solid connection and located in immediate proximityto each other. The transmission element does not include any elementscapable of generating axial forces to act against the housing cover onthe housing wall.

The transmission unit according to one form of the invention includes atransmission input shaft and a transmission output shaft separated by amechanical transmission unit. The mechanical transmission unit includesa transmission basic unit, which is also called base transmission, andan angular drive with a bevel gear drive, consisting of a first bevelgear and a second bevel gear, where the second bevel gear can be coupledto the transmission output shaft in an at least indirectly rotationallyfixed manner, while the first bevel gear of this invention is in theimmediate proximity of the output of the transmission basic unit and isdirectly coupled with this shaft, such that there is no interveningseparate connecting shaft between the output shaft and the first bevelgear. Thus, the first bevel gear is not mounted on an extension of theshaft or is rotationally coupled with a shaft, which supports thetransmission element that functions as output or which is connected tothe same. Thus, the arrangement of shafts in the transmission basic unitis not modified. The transmission housing consists of at least onehousing, which surrounds the transmission basic unit, which can beconnected to a housing cover in the form of a transmission housingcomponent that surrounds the angular drive at least in part. Thus, thetransmission basic unit of the invention does not include elements thatgenerate axial force that pushes against the housing cover on thehousing wall, such as a piston that operates in the axial direction.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the transmission basic unitincludes at least one cylindrical gear pair with two matchingcylindrical gears or an epicyclic gear train, which includes at leastone sun gear, one annulus, pinion gears and a bar, where one element ofthese transmission elements constitutes the output of the transmissionbasic unit. The output of the epicyclic gear train will then be formed,for example, by the annulus, the bar or the sun gear of the epicyclicgear train or by the spur gear matched to the pinion in the cylindricalgear pair. The first bevel gear forms here the input of the angulardrive directly. There are essentially the following possibilities toachieve a rotationally fixed connection between the transmission elementof the transmission basic unit that constitutes the output and the firstbevel gear:

-   a. positive lock-   b. non-positive lock-   c. a combination of positive and non-positive lock

The connection between positive and non-positive lock is made in thesimplest case by mutually complementary driving elements on thetransmission element that forms the output of the transmission basicunit and the first bevel gear, which may be brought into activeconnection. These are most advantageously situated in equal distancesbetween the transmission element and the first bevel gear, viewed in thedirection of the perimeter. The driving elements may here be embodied asclaws, which insert into specifically designed recesses, orappropriately formed toothing.

There are essentially two basic configurations:

1. Inclusion of driving elements on the first bevel gear and/or thetransmission unit, which forms the output of the transmission basicunit, and matching complementary driving elements, such as drivingrecesses on the transmission element, which forms the output of thetransmission basic unit, and/or the first bevel gear seen in an axialdirection relative to the direction of the transmission axle,specifically the transmission input axle, viewed in the installedposition.

2. Inclusion of driving elements on the first bevel gear and/or thetransmission unit, which forms the output of the transmission basicunit, and matching complementary driving elements, such as drivingrecesses on the transmission element, which forms the output of thetransmission basic unit, and/or the first bevel gear seen in a radialdirection relative to the direction of the transmission axle,specifically the transmission input axle, viewed in the installedposition.

The driving elements and the associated recesses or complementarydriving elements, which may also be designed as recesses, are here mostadvantageously situated in the area of the circumference of the firstbevel gear and/or the transmission unit that forms the output of thetransmission basic unit. The inclusion of the driving elements isaccomplished here as follows:

1. On the inner circumference of the driving element, which forms theoutput, and the complementary driving element on the first bevel gear onthe outer circumference of the first bevel gear, or

2. On the outer circumference of the driving element, which forms theoutput, and the complementary driving element on the inner circumferenceof the first bevel gear.

The two specified possibilities have the advantage that the realizationof the rotationally solid connection between the angular drive and theoutput of the transmission basic unit is possible without any additionalfastening measures, but simply by pushing it on, where the secureconnection in an axial direction is generated simply by the linkage ofthe housing of the angular drive, where the first bevel gear issupported, and the housing of the basic transmission. This type ofconnection of the angular drive to the transmission basic unit ischaracterized by a very small space requirement, which has aparticularly positive influence on the total length of the transmissionunit.

An alternative embodiment of the invention could combine the angulardrive, its housing and the required supports as a completepre-fabricated unit with a transmission basic unit to an entiretransmission unit. The possibility of removing the angular drive fromthe transmission basic unit as a modular unit creates the advantage thatthe transmission basic unit may be tested by itself even in the absenceof the angular drive. However, the precondition is here that thetransmission basic unit is designed such that its working elements forthe various transmission elements to realize the several speedincrements do not exert any axial force on the possible closure orhousing cover for the basic transmission, but that these axial forcesare already dissipated in the housing by an appropriate design. Thismeans that the transmission unit is free of elements to generate axialforces that act directly on the transmission housing cover in thevicinity of the output of the transmission basic unit and the angulardrive.

An especially advantageous embodiment realizes the solid connection ofthe first bevel gear with the annulus of a mechanical transmission unitthat forms the output of the transmission basic unit. This embodimentmay use particularly large diameters of the first bevel gear. This leadsto a particularly short and compact design, given the resulting designof the second bevel gear, which connects to the first bevel gear.

The insertion and removal of the second bevel gear, which is linked tothe output shaft, is preferably done by way of the level of the flangeof the entire angular drive. The position of the angular drive elementsis independent of the unit suspension of the output, i.e. thetransmission output shaft, which is why the supports do not need to beadjusted at the flange connection of the angular drive.

The connection between the basic housing of the transmission basic unitand the housing of the angular drive to form the entire transmissionunit is normally handled likewise by positive and/or non-positive locks.The housing for the angular drive may be either a single piece or,preferably, it may consist of multiple components.

In an additional embodiment of the invention, a set of angular drives inthe form of bevel gear drives with a first bevel gear and a second bevelgear, where the gear ratio for all theoretically possible angles betweenthe input of the angular drive and the output of the angular drive isconstant and where the outside diameter of the individual bevel gears,namely the first and second bevel gears, are also held essentiallyconstant, can be assigned to a single housing with identical externaldimensions. The adjustment in the position of the output shaft, which isrequired by the various output angles, and the position of the supportswill be realized most advantageously by support units that can beintegrated into the housing and can be exchanged. Given the specifiedpreconditions, i.e. different output angles for a set of transmissionunits with angular drives, where the gear ratio is essentially constantfor all theoretically possible angles and where the diameter of theindividual elements of the angular drive is essentially also constantwith the set, the intersections of the flank lines with the transmissionsymmetry axis S_(G) will cover a specific area in the axial directionfor various angles, if viewed from the transmission symmetry axis S_(G).This area determines the design of the transmission housing. In order tohave a uniform entire transmission housing, including the housing forthe angular drive, i.e. in order to use one transmission basic unit inmultiple transmission applications with the same transmission housing,the housing surrounding the angular drive will be manufactured in such astandard design that it is suited to house all theoretically possible ordesirable angular drives. The limits are pre-specified in this instance.However, generally the basic housing of the transmission housing isdesigned for the theoretically desirable case that the intersection ofthe flank lines of the bevel gears, when inserted into the transmission,is in close proximity to the base of the transmission housing, viewed inan axial direction. For example, this may be the situation for anangular drive with an angle of 90° or even more than 90°. The precisedetermination should be limited to what is theoretically feasible, wherethe practical construction feasibility also needs to be considered. Itis most advantageous to design a housing suitable for angular drives of60° to 90°. The outside contours of the transmission housing for variousangular drives with the essentially constant gear ratio i and anidentical outside diameters d_(A) of the individual bevel gears willremain constant, while the adjustment to the specific angular drives ismade by the means to support the second bevel gear, which forms theoutput of the transmission unit. Among others, this has the advantagethat the connection elements for the housing surrounding the angulardrive, at least in part, and the housing for the transmission basic unitfor the entire set will have the same size, regardless of the size ofthe angle.

All kinds of toothing are possible for the toothing of the bevel gears.

In another embodiment of the invention, the cooling features, which areotherwise flanged to the cover of the basic transmission without anangular drive, are sited at the end of the angular drive. The requiredconnecting lines will then no longer be handled by hoses, but areengraved as channels in the housing or may be incorporated there.

In a design of the angular drive with a single unit housing, i.e. withexchangeable interior supports and removable support of the second bevelgear on the transmission output shaft, i.e. the shaft that forms theoutput of the angular drive, it is feasible to design the second bevelgear in a different manner than for conventional embodiments. Here thetransmission housing unit, which surrounds the angular drive, is firstseparated from the transmission basic unit and simultaneously the solidconnection between the second bevel gear and the transmission outputshaft is severed, so that the second bevel gear is rolled out of thecavity of the housing surrounding the angular drive, once thetransmission output shaft is removed from the transmission housing. Thismakes it possible to shift the entire bevel gear drive further in theaxial direction into the interior of the transmission housing, i.e. inthe direction of the transmission input shaft, because an opening toremove the second bevel gear in the direction of the symmetrical axis ofthe transmission output shaft or on the housing wall with a feed-throughfor the transmission output shaft is no longer required. The designedfeed-through in the transmission housing will then need to be sized onlyfor the feed-through of the transmission output shaft.

The solution according to the invention is suited for any design of thetransmission unit. Here it may be, for example, a purely mechanicaltransmission unit or a hydrodynamic-mechanical compound transmission.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The solution of this invention is explained by use of Figures, whichshow the following:

FIG. 1 shows a schematically simplified view of a transmission unitaccording to the design of the invention in an axial direction;

FIG. 2 shows a schematically simplified view of the support oftransmission output shaft A for two alternative angles between thetransmission input shaft and the transmission output shaft;

FIG. 3 shows the possibilities for adding the angular drive in asimplified view corresponding to view A in FIG. 1 or 2;

FIGS. 4.1–4.4 show the possibilities to insert the transmission unit inbus propulsion systems with alternative requirements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows the connection, which is designed according to theinvention, of an angular drive 4 to the transmission basic unit 25, byreference to a segment of an axial cross section of transmission unit 1in a schematically simplified view. Basic unit 25 may consist of ahydrodynamic and a mechanical transmission component. The transmissionunit contains a transmission input shaft E and at least one transmissionoutput shaft A. The transmission input shaft E and the transmissionoutput shaft A are situated such that their theoretical axes of rotationR_(E) and R_(A) intersect at an angle. The transmission unit 1 containsat least one transmission basic unit 25, which is situated between thetransmission input shaft E and the transmission output shaft A. Thetransmission basic unit 25 includes a mechanical transmission component2 and a bevel gear drive 3 designed as an angular drive 4, which isconnected to the transmission output shaft A. The transmission unit 1also contains a transmission housing, which consists of at least twoparts. In the present case, this includes at least one transmission basehousing 6 and a transmission housing component 7, which surrounds theangular drive at least in part and which can be connected totransmission base housing 6. However, the transmission housing component7 may consist of multiple components.

The angular drive 4, which consists of the bevel gear drive 3, containsat least two connected bevel gears, namely a first bevel gear 8 and asecond bevel gear 9. The first bevel gear 8 is mounted coaxially to thetransmission input shaft E. The second bevel gear 9, which has a solidconnection to transmission output shaft A, is mounted at a certain angleto the first bevel gear 8.

The theoretical axes of rotation of the various bevel gears or theiraxes of symmetry, which correspond to the theoretical axes of rotationof the transmission input axis R_(E) and the transmission output axisR_(A), intersect in a point 10, which lies on the axis of symmetry oftransmission unit 1. If the flank lines F of the toothing of the variousbevel gears are projected onto a common plane E, they intersect with thetransmission axis of symmetry S_(G) in this same point. The flank linesare identified here as F₈₁, F₈₂, and F₉₁, F₉₂. It is most advantageous,if the toothing of the various bevel gears consists of straight linetoothing. However, embodiments with diagonal toothing or arced toothing,where the flank lines are arcs, are also conceivable.

The arcs in bevel gears with arced flank lines may be circles,involutes, or epicycloids. In the case depicted here, the bevel gearshave a constant tooth height Z_(H8) and Z_(H9). The followingdescription is based on the straight toothing shown in FIG. 1. Thisdescription applies by analogy to other toothing.

Angular drives 4 are designed for alternative angles between thetransmission input shaft E and the transmission output shaft A for aspecific transmission basic unit 25, where these angular drives aredesigned such that the individual flank lines for straight toothing orflank lines projected onto a plane with the transmission axis S_(G) mayform alternative angles with the transmission axis S_(G). The variousangular drives 4, which are suited theoretically for housing component7, designed for alternative angles between the transmission input shaftE and the transmission output shaft A, which are characterized on theone hand by an essentially constant gear ratio between the individualbevel gears 8 or 9 and on the other hand by essentially constantexternal diameters of the individual bevel gears 8 or 9, will exhibitintersections of their flank lines F₈₁, F₈₂, F₉₁, F₉₂ with thetransmission axis S_(G) on a certain surface in an axial direction ontransmission axis S_(G). This surface determines the design oftransmission housing 5 or the housing component 7 surrounding theangular drive. In order to achieve as uniform a housing 5 as possible,including the transmission housing component 7, for a transmission basicunit 1 with various output characteristics, i.e. with various anglesbetween transmission output axis A and transmission input axis E, thesecond transmission housing component 7 is standardized such that it iscapable of housing all theoretically possible or desired angular drives4, where the angle between transmission input axis E and transmissionoutput axis A acts as the only criteria of distinction, while the gearratio and the outside diameter of the bevel gears are held constant forthe various theoretically possible angles. The basic housing oftransmission housing component 7 will therefore be designed for the twotheoretical extreme cases, namely where the intersection 10 of the flanklines of bevel gears 8 or 9 of the bevel gear drive 3 is closest totransmission housing 5 and transmission housing component 7 in the axialdirection or is furthest away from them. For example, the first extremecase may be the case of an angular drive 4 of 90° or even an angle ofmore than 90°. It is not necessary to make an exact determination, butit should remain in the theoretically possible range, with considerationgiven to the limitations imposed by production requirements. However, itis most advantageous to target for an angular drive with an anglebetween transmission input axis E and transmission output axis A in therange of 90° to <180°, where the angle <180° identifies the secondextreme case. As was mentioned earlier, the outside dimensions forvarious angular drives 4 with essentially identical gear ratios i andthe same outside diameters d_(A) of the bevel gears 8 or 9 remainconstant, while the adjustment to various angular drives, specificallythe position of the supports, is accomplished through design ortreatment of the inner surfaces of the housing, specifically housingcomponent 7.

The tight linkage of the first bevel gear 8 and the elements of themechanical transmission component 2, as shown in this invention, may beaccomplished by various means. The preferred embodiment shown here waschosen with a connection characterized by a particularly compact designfor the entire transmission unit 1, because the first bevel gear 8 mayhave a very large bevel gear diameter. The connection is achieved hereby a transmission element of an epicyclic gear train 27 of thetransmission basic unit 25, which is simultaneously the output 15 forthe transmission basic unit 25 and thus the input for angular drive 4.The epicyclic gear train includes a sun gear 12, an annulus 26, piniongears 13, and a bar 14. The annulus 26 of the epicyclic gear train 27 isthe output 15 of the transmission. The linkage is achieved by a solidconnection by positive and non-positive lock. The solid connection islabeled here as 33. It works by the connection of complementary drivingelements 18 and 19 on annulus 26 and the first bevel gear 8. Thus, thebevel gear 8 is equipped with the corresponding exterior toothing 28,which can be connected to the complementary interior toothing 29 onannulus 26. It is preferable that the interior toothing 29 on annulus26, which is included anyway, be used for this purpose. For thispurpose, the annulus is designed to be elongated, when viewed in anaxial direction as incorporated into transmission unit 1, such that, inaddition to the pinion gears 34 of the epicyclic gear train 27, theannulus is connected to the exterior toothing 28 of bevel gear 8. Forthis purpose, bevel gear 8 has a corresponding exterior toothing 28 in asecond segment 35, which is free of the bevel toothing.

Angular drive 4 is also associated with transmission housing component7, which houses angular drive 4 and which forms an assembly unit withbase housing 6, when installed. For installation as a prefab unit, theangular drive 4 has matching supports 36 and axis 37 for support, whichis permanently installed in transmission housing component 7.Transmission housing component 7 may be manufactured as a single pieceor it may consist of several pieces, as is shown in FIG. 1. Theembodiment with several pieces is often preferred for ease of assembly.

An embodiment of the angular drive 4 as a modular unit has the advantagethat this entire unit can then be integrated in a simple manner in theentire transmission unit 1. This is accomplished by pushing the outertoothing 28 and the inner toothing 29 of the annulus together. This isthen secured against sideways movement in an axial direction byconnecting the first bevel gear 8 to housing component 7 and thenconnecting housing component 7 to the transmission base housing 6 oftransmission basic unit 25, which results in the entire transmissionunit 1. Additional elements are not required to secure the unit.

FIG. 2 presents a schematically simplified view of the support oftransmission output shaft A for two different angles between thetransmission input shaft E and the transmission output shaft A. Thevariation denoted by I corresponds to an angle α₁ of 60° between thetransmission input shaft E and the transmission output shaft A, whereasthe variation denoted by II corresponds to an angle α₂ of 80° betweenthe transmission input shaft E and the transmission output shaft A.

Transmission housing component 7 also has a feed-through 23, which isthe exit for transmission output shaft A. It is preferable that thefeed-through be an opening of constant size for all housings 7. Here themaximum size corresponds to the entire range of angle α, which couldtheoretically apply to transmission output shaft A.

Transmission housing component 7 can be linked to transmission housing 8by positive and/or non-positive locks. It is preferable that the linkagebe fastened by screw and/or plug-type connectors. The recesses and holesin transmission base housing 6 and transmission housing component 7required to achieve the linkage are preferably formed such thatrotation, viewed along the circumference of transmission unit 1, isfeasible, such that alternative placements of bevel gear drive 3 arepossible, particularly with respect to placement of the second bevelgear 9 and thus the angular drive 4 relative to the assembly position ofthe transmission unit, and thus also in the position of transmissionhousing 5 relative to the latter. Possible positions are shown in FIG. 3for a view A corresponding to FIG. 1 or 2. This possibility is ofspecial significance, if transmission housing 5 has a particularstructure that must be incorporated in a particular position. This isthe case, whenever rills or channels for lubricants or the like must beincluded.

The embodiment of transmission housing component 7 described in FIGS. 1and 2 also makes a different design of the second bevel gear 9 feasible,which differs from the conventional method. Whereas the second bevelgear 9 is removed in conventional embodiments in the direction of theaxis of symmetry of transmission output shaft A, the embodiment oftransmission housing component 7 according to this invention makes itfeasible to remove transmission housing component 7 first from theremaining transmission housing 5, then to separate the transmissionoutput shaft A from bevel gear 9 and to roll the same sideways out ofthe cavity 11 formed within transmission housing component 7. This makesit feasible to move the entire bevel gear drive 3 in an axial directionfurther into the interior of transmission housing component 7, becausethe transmission housing component 7 is no longer limited in size by thesize of feed-through 23 of transmission output shaft A to a size thatwould also allow removal of the second bevel gear 9 in this direction.

Other possibilities to remove the second bevel gear 9 require acorresponding design of opening 23. This may be elliptical in analternative embodiment for the feed-through of transmission output shaftA. The maximum dimension corresponds here to the outside diameter d_(A)of the second bevel gear 9. The connection between transmission outputshaft A and the second bevel gear 9 is severed first during removal andthe second bevel gear 9 is led to the elliptical opening by tipping.

The design of transmission housing 5 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3,particularly the design of transmission housing component 7, makes itfeasible to use a common housing to enclose various angular drives 4.The output angle is determined only by the design or the assembly andfinishing of the interior surfaces in the vicinity of the second bevelgear, which is connected to transmission output shaft A. The division ofthe housing into a transmission base housing 6 and a so-calledtransmission housing component 7 makes it feasible to move the angulardrive 4 in an axial direction further towards the transmission inputshaft compared to conventional embodiments. This very short shape thusapplies across the plane of the connection of the entire angular drive.The described preferred embodiment enables a free design of the outputside, which results in a short size that saves material. Thetransmission base unit may be tested without angular drive 4.

FIG. 4 exemplifies potential applications of a transmission unit 1according to the invention with a uniform housing, consisting oftransmission base housing 6 and transmission housing component 7, bymeans of examples. Here the term “transmission housing” should not beinterpreted to require complete coverage, but the housing may haveopenings, which may in turn be closed by lid-shaped elements.

FIG. 4.1 shows the use of the transmission unit 1 according to theinvention in a bus propulsion system with a transverse motor 30 to drivean axle 31, which is designed to be located between the second and thirddoor of the bus. The motor 30 is connected to transmission unit 1 forthe purpose of gearing torque/speed, where output shaft 32 of themechanical transmission component is in a coaxial position relative totransmission input shaft E. The propulsion to the axle is provided hereby angular drive 4.51 in the middle of axle 31. Here the angular drive4.51 is mounted at an angle of 60° or 65°. This configuration isparticularly useful for right-hand traffic.

FIG. 4.2 shows an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4.1 in aschematically simplified view by means of a top view of a bus propulsionsystem. The motor 30 is also mounted in a transverse position and thepropulsion is likewise centered on the axle. The embodiment differs fromthat show in FIG. 4.1 by a change of the flow of torque between motor 30and transmission 1. This embodiment is best suited to left-hand traffic.

FIGS. 4.3 and 4.4 show embodiments in so-called dropped floor propulsionsystems, where the motor 30 is again mounted transverse to the directionof travel and where the propulsion of the portal axle 31 is notcentered, i.e. offset, by means of an angular drive 4.53 or 4.54. Theembodiment in FIG. 4.3 is best suited for right-hand traffic and theembodiment in FIG. 4.4 is best suited for left-hand traffic. The anglebetween transmission input shaft E and transmission output shaft A ishere 80°.

LISTING OF REFERENCE IDENTIFICATIONS

-   E Transmission input shaft-   A Transmission output shaft-   1 Transmission unit-   2 Mechanical transmission component-   3 Bevel gear drive-   4 Angular drive-   5 Transmission housing-   6 Transmission base housing-   7 Transmission housing component-   8 First bevel gear-   9 Second bevel gear-   10 Intersection of axes of symmetry-   11 Cavity-   12 Sun gear-   13 Pinion gear-   14 Bar-   15 Output of transmission-   16 Exterior circumference of first bevel gear-   17 Interior of annulus-   18 Driving elements-   19 Driving elements-   23 Feed-through-   25 Transmission basic unit-   26 Annulus-   28 Exterior toothing-   29 Interior toothing-   33 Solid connection-   34 Pinion gears-   35 Second segment of bevel gear-   36 Support-   37 Axis-   F₈₁, F₈₂, and F₉₁, F₉₂ Flank lines of the toothing of the bevel    gears

1. Transmission unit, comprising: a transmission input shaft (E) and atransmission output shaft (A), and a transmission basic unit (25)situated between transmission input shaft (E) and transmission outputshaft (A), which is connected to an angular drive (4); the angular drive(4) including a bevel gear drive (3) with a first bevel gear (8) and asecond bevel gear (9), where the second bevel gear (9) is solidlyconnected to the transmission output shaft, at least indirectly; atransmission housing (5) that includes at least a transmission basehousing (6) that covers the transmission basic unit (25), and which isconnected to a housing cover formed by a transmission housing component(7) which covers the angular drive (4) at least in part; the first bevelgear (8) of the angular drive (4) and a transmission element of thetransmission basic unit (25), which constitutes the output (15) of thetransmission basic unit (25), having a direct and solid connectionwithout a separate connecting shaft and located in immediate proximityto each other; the transmission basic unit (25) not including anyelements capable of generating axial forces to act against the housingcover; the solid connection consisting essentially of complementarydriving elements, which may be brought to bear upon each other, on thetransmission element functioning as the output (15) and the first bevelgear (8); the first bevel gear (8) of angular drive (4) supported withinthe transmission housing component (7); the transmission basic unit (25)including at least one epicyclic gear train (27) with at least oneannulus (26), one sun gear (12) and pinion gears (13); the output (15)of transmission basic unit (25) consisting essentially of an element ofthe epicyclic gear train (27).
 2. Transmission unit according to claim 1including driving elements on the first bevel gear (8) and/or on thetransmission element that forms the output (15) of the transmissionbasic unit (25) and the corresponding driving elements on thetransmission element that forms the output (15) of the transmissionbasic unit (25) and/or the first bevel gear (8), which are oriented andpositioned in an axial direction relative to the position of thetransmission axis, specifically the transmission input shaft (E), asinstalled.
 3. Transmission unit according to claim 1 characterized byhaving driving elements on the first bevel gear (8) and/or on thetransmission element that forms the output (15) of the transmissionbasic unit (25) and the corresponding driving elements on thetransmission element that forms the output (15) of the transmissionbasic unit (25) and/or the first bevel gear (8), which are oriented andpositioned radially relative to the transmission axis, specifically thetransmission input shaft (E), as installed.
 4. Transmission unitaccording to claim 3 wherein: the driving elements are positioned in thearea of the interior circumference of the transmission element whichforms the output (15) of the transmission basic unit; the drivingelements complementary to the driving elements positioned in the area ofthe interior circumference are positioned on the first bevel gear (8) inthe area of its external circumference (16).
 5. Transmission unitaccording to claim 1 wherein the output (15) of the transmission basicunit (25) has a transmission element consisting essentially of a sungear (12) of the epicyclic gear train (27).
 6. Transmission unitaccording to claim 1 wherein the transmission basic unit (25) comprisesa hydrodynamic and a mechanical transmission component.
 7. Transmissionunit according to claim 1 wherein the angular drive (4) and the housingcomponent, which covers the angular drive at least partially, arecombined into a modular unit.
 8. Transmission unit according to claim 1characterized by straight toothing in the toothing of the connectedbevel gears.
 9. Transmission unit according to claim 1 characterized bydiagonal toothing in the toothing of the connected bevel gears of thebevel gear drive.
 10. Transmission unit according to claim 8characterized by identical height of the toothing of the bevel gears ofthe bevel gear drive.
 11. Transmission unit according to claim 1,characterized by having driving elements on the first bevel gear (8)and/or on the transmission element that forms the output (15) of thetransmission basic unit (25) and the corresponding driving elements onthe transmission element that forms the output (15) of the transmissionbasic unit (25) and/or the first bevel gear (8), which are oriented andpositioned in an axial direction relative to the position of thetransmission axis, specifically the transmission input shaft (E), asinstalled.
 12. Transmission unit according to claim 1, including havingdriving elements on the first bevel gear (8) and/or on the transmissionelement that forms the output (15) of the transmission basic unit (25)and the corresponding driving elements on the transmission element thatforms the output (15) of the transmission basic unit (25) and/or thefirst bevel gear (8), which are oriented and positioned radiallyrelative to the transmission axis, specifically the transmission inputshaft (E), as installed.
 13. Transmission unit according to claim 4wherein: the output (15) of transmission basic unit (25) consistsessentially of an annulus (26) of an epicyclic gear train (27); thedriving elements consist essentially of an exterior toothing (28) on thefirst bevel gear (8) complementary to interior toothing (29) of anaxially extending portion of the annulus (26), which does not connect tothe pinion gears (13) and where the first bevel gear (8) has a segment(35) with no beveled toothing.
 14. Transmission unit according to claim3 characterized by the output (15) of the transmission basic unit (25)having a transmission element consisting essentially of a sun gear (12)of an epicyclic gear train (27).
 15. Transmission unit according toclaim 4 characterized by the output (15) of the transmission basic unit(25) having a transmission element consisting essentially of a sun gear(12) of an epicyclic gear train (27).
 16. Transmission unit, comprising:a transmission input shaft (E) and a transmission output shaft (A), anda transmission basic unit (25) situated between transmission input shaft(E) and transmission output shaft (A), which is connected to an angulardrive (4); the angular drive (4) including a bevel gear drive (3) with afirst bevel gear (8) and a second bevel gear (9), where the second bevelgear (9) is solidly connected to the transmission output shaft, at leastindirectly; a transmission housing (5) that includes at least atransmission base housing (6) that covers the transmission basic unit(25), and which is connected to a housing cover formed by a transmissionhousing component (7) which covers the angular drive (4) at least inpart; the first bevel gear (8) of the angular drive (4) and atransmission element of the transmission basic unit (25), whichconstitutes the output (15) of the transmission basic unit (25), havinga direct and solid connection without a separate connecting shaft andlocated in immediate proximity to each other; the transmission basicunit (25) not including any elements capable of generating axial forcesto act against the housing cover; the solid connection consistingessentially of complementary driving elements, which may be brought tobear upon each other, on the transmission element functioning as theoutput (15) and the first bevel gear (8); the first bevel gear (8) ofangular drive (4) supported within the transmission housing component(7); driving elements on the first bevel gear (8) and/or on thetransmission element that forms the output (15) of the transmissionbasic unit (25) and the corresponding driving elements on thetransmission element that forms the output (15) of the transmissionbasic unit (25) and/or the first bevel gear (8), which are oriented andpositioned radially relative to the transmission axis, specifically thetransmission input shaft (E), as installed; the output (15) oftransmission basic unit (25) consisting essentially of an annulus (26)of an epicyclic gear train (27); the driving elements consistingessentially of an exterior toothing (28) on the first bevel gear (8)complementary to interior toothing (29) of an axially extended portionof the annulus (26), which does not connect to the pinion gears (13) andwhere the first bevel gear (8) has a segment (35) with no beveledtoothing.
 17. Transmission unit, comprising: a transmission input shaft(E) and a transmission output shaft (A), and a transmission basic unit(25) situated between transmission input shaft (E) and transmissionoutput shaft (A), which is connected to an angular drive (4); theangular drive (4) including a bevel gear drive (3) with a first bevelgear (8) and a second bevel gear (9), where the second bevel gear (9) issolidly connected to the transmission output shaft, at least indirectly;a transmission housing (5) that includes at least a transmission basehousing (6) that covers the transmission basic unit (25), and which isconnected to a housing cover formed by a transmission housing component(7) which covers the angular drive (4) at least in part; the first bevelgear (8) of the angular drive (4) and a transmission element of thetransmission basic unit (25), which constitutes the output (15) of thetransmission basic unit (25), having a direct and solid connectionwithout a separate connecting shaft and located in immediate proximityto each other; the transmission basic unit (25) not including anyelements capable of generating axial forces to act against the housingcover; the solid connection consisting essentially of complementarydriving elements, which may be brought to bear upon each other, on thetransmission element functioning as the output (15) and the first bevelgear (8); the first bevel gear (8) of angular drive (4) supported withinthe transmission housing component (7); and wherein: the transmissionhousing component (7) which encloses the transmission unit at least inthe area of the angular drive (4) is designed for all theoreticallypossible angular drives with the following characteristics: the gearratio i is essentially constant, the outside diameters of the variousbevel gears are essentially constant, and the housing component has thesame exterior dimensions, whereby various position angles for thetransmission output shaft (A) may be realized by an exchangeableapparatus to support the second bevel gear (9) and/or the transmissionoutput shaft (A).
 18. Transmission unit according to claim 17 whereinthe transmission housing component (7) consists essentially of a singlehousing.
 19. Transmission unit, comprising: a transmission input shaft(E) and a transmission output shaft (A), and a transmission basic unit(25) situated between transmission input shaft (E) and transmissionoutput shaft (A), which is connected to an angular drive (4); theangular drive (4) including a bevel gear drive (3) with a first bevelgear (8) and a second bevel gear (9), where the second bevel gear (9) issolidly connected to the transmission output shaft, at least indirectly;a transmission housing (5) that includes at least a transmission basehousing (6) that covers the transmission basic unit (25), and which isconnected to a housing cover formed by a transmission housing component(7) which covers the angular drive (4) at least in part; the first bevelgear (8) of the angular drive (4) and a transmission element of thetransmission basic unit (25), which constitutes the output (15) of thetransmission basic unit (25), having a direct and solid connectionwithout a separate connecting shaft and located in immediate proximityto each other; the transmission basic unit (25) not including anyelements capable of generating axial forces to act against the housingcover; the solid connection consisting essentially of complementarydriving elements, which may be brought to bear upon each other, on thetransmission element functioning as the output (15) and the first bevelgear (8); the first bevel gear (8) of angular drive (4) supported withinthe transmission housing component (7); the output (15) of thetransmission basic unit (25) having a transmission element consistingessentially of a sun gear (12) of an epicyclic gear train (27).